Identify the market and product category first. Each dossier separates legal duties, referenced standards, evidence and the comparison needed for an award.
Regulatory Basis
EU · Regulation (EU) 2023/988
General consumer-product safety and traceability
Consumer products, including products reasonably likely to be used by consumers. The general safety requirement covers risks not already addressed by specific Union harmonisation legislation; industrial-only equipment and excluded sectors require separate classification.
Electrical safety within the Low Voltage Directive
Electrical equipment designed for 50–1,000 V AC or 75–1,500 V DC, subject to Annex II exclusions. Radio equipment follows RED safety provisions without these voltage limits. A low-voltage DC product is not automatically exempt from general product safety.
Electromagnetic compatibility of non-radio equipment
Apparatus and fixed installations liable to cause electromagnetic disturbance or whose performance can be affected by it. Radio equipment normally addresses EMC through RED. Component status, inherently benign equipment and installation-only supply must be assessed.
Products intentionally emitting or receiving radio waves for communication or radiodetermination, including connected locks, cameras, routers, toys and wearables. A pre-certified radio module does not alone establish conformity of the finished product and antennas.
EU · Delegated Regulation (EU) 2022/30; Regulation (EU) 2026/339
Cybersecurity duties for specified radio equipment
Article 3(3)(d) covers defined internet-connected radio equipment; privacy requirements additionally concern specified equipment, including childcare and wearable products, where relevant data are processed. Fraud protection applies to defined money-transfer functionality. Product-specific exceptions must be checked.
Restricted substances in electrical and electronic equipment
EEE within the Directive’s defined voltage and category scope, with explicit exclusions, spare-part conditions and time-limited exemptions. The assessment unit for concentration limits is the homogeneous material, not the average of a whole assembled product.
Chemical restrictions in materials and finished articles
Chemical substances, mixtures and finished articles trigger different duties. For textiles, footwear, toys, furniture, plastics, coatings and industrial materials, identify each actual substance, material, contact condition and use before assigning a restriction.
Electronic displays: energy use and resource efficiency
Televisions, monitors and digital-signage displays within the definitions and exemptions. Scope depends on the display function and configuration; a separately testable incorporated screen can be covered. Computer requirements do not automatically replace monitor requirements.
Batteries: category-specific safety, performance and lifecycle duties
All battery categories, including incorporated batteries, with different duties for portable, SLI, light-means-of-transport, electric-vehicle and industrial batteries. A stationary battery energy-storage system triggers specific safety and technical evidence; the complete storage system can also trigger other product laws.
Applicability depends on the product classification, intended use, configuration and actual sales territory. Manufacturing, placing-on-the-market and testing dates, together with transition provisions, are checked as required by each applicable rule. The directory identifies sources; it does not replace assessment of the specific model. Standards are identified by reference, and their authoritative texts remain with the issuing bodies. Official source documents retain their original language.