US · 10 CFR 430.32(w); Appendix Z; Part 429
External power supplies: efficiency and no-load power
External power supplies meeting DOE definitions; direct/indirect operation, voltage class and exceptions determine the applicable row.
Learn moreEnergy & Energy Storage
Identify the market and product category first. Each dossier separates legal duties, referenced standards, evidence and the comparison needed for an award.
Regulatory Basis
US · 49 CFR 173.185; UN Manual 38.3
Lithium batteries: transport design testing
Lithium cells/batteries offered for transport, separately or in/with equipment; transport mode and exceptions determine details.
Learn moreCA · SOR/2016-311, sections 586–589
External power supplies: Canadian energy performance
Defined direct/indirect-operation, single/multiple-voltage external power supplies; specific medical, charging and lighting exclusions apply.
Learn moreCA · Ontario electrical product approval route
Ontario electrical products: recognised approval
Electrical equipment intended for use/sale in Ontario; this provincial example must not be treated as the rule for every Canadian province.
Learn moreCA · TDG Regulations; UN Manual 38.3
Lithium batteries: Canadian transport requirements
Lithium batteries/cells shipped or imported in Canada, classified by chemistry, configuration, rating and transport mode.
Learn moreEU · Regulation (EU) 2023/988
General consumer-product safety and traceability
Consumer products, including products reasonably likely to be used by consumers. The general safety requirement covers risks not already addressed by specific Union harmonisation legislation; industrial-only equipment and excluded sectors require separate classification.
Learn moreEU · Directive 2014/35/EU
Electrical safety within the Low Voltage Directive
Electrical equipment designed for 50–1,000 V AC or 75–1,500 V DC, subject to Annex II exclusions. Radio equipment follows RED safety provisions without these voltage limits. A low-voltage DC product is not automatically exempt from general product safety.
Learn moreEU · Directive 2014/30/EU
Electromagnetic compatibility of non-radio equipment
Apparatus and fixed installations liable to cause electromagnetic disturbance or whose performance can be affected by it. Radio equipment normally addresses EMC through RED. Component status, inherently benign equipment and installation-only supply must be assessed.
Learn moreEU · Directive 2014/53/EU
Radio equipment: safety, spectrum and EMC
Products intentionally emitting or receiving radio waves for communication or radiodetermination, including connected locks, cameras, routers, toys and wearables. A pre-certified radio module does not alone establish conformity of the finished product and antennas.
Learn moreEU · Delegated Regulation (EU) 2022/30; Regulation (EU) 2026/339
Cybersecurity duties for specified radio equipment
Article 3(3)(d) covers defined internet-connected radio equipment; privacy requirements additionally concern specified equipment, including childcare and wearable products, where relevant data are processed. Fraud protection applies to defined money-transfer functionality. Product-specific exceptions must be checked.
Learn moreEU · Directive 2011/65/EU and amendments
Restricted substances in electrical and electronic equipment
EEE within the Directive’s defined voltage and category scope, with explicit exclusions, spare-part conditions and time-limited exemptions. The assessment unit for concentration limits is the homogeneous material, not the average of a whole assembled product.
Learn moreEU · Regulation (EC) 1907/2006, Annex XVII
Chemical restrictions in materials and finished articles
Chemical substances, mixtures and finished articles trigger different duties. For textiles, footwear, toys, furniture, plastics, coatings and industrial materials, identify each actual substance, material, contact condition and use before assigning a restriction.
Learn moreEU · Directive 2006/42/EC; Regulation (EU) 2023/1230
Machinery safety and the 2027 legal transition
Machinery, interchangeable equipment, safety components and other expressly included products; partly completed machinery has a distinct incorporation route. Powered garden tools, industrial robots and motorised gates require classification rather than treating every moving product as a household appliance.
Learn moreEU · Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 and amendments
Batteries: category-specific safety, performance and lifecycle duties
All battery categories, including incorporated batteries, with different duties for portable, SLI, light-means-of-transport, electric-vehicle and industrial batteries. A stationary battery energy-storage system triggers specific safety and technical evidence; the complete storage system can also trigger other product laws.
Learn moreEU · Regulation (EU) 2018/858 and applicable sector acts
Vehicle and component type-approval route
Motor vehicles and trailers within categories M, N and O and covered systems, components and separate technical units. Two/three-wheel vehicles, agricultural vehicles, bicycles and non-road machinery have different frameworks; a road vehicle component cannot be assigned one universal CE route.
Learn moreEU · Directive 2014/68/EU
Pressure equipment and assemblies
Pressure equipment and assemblies with maximum allowable pressure PS greater than 0.5 bar, subject to detailed exclusions and product boundaries. Pressure cookers, vessels, piping, safety accessories and assemblies are not assigned the same conformity category.
Learn moreGB · GB product-specific legislation; General Product Safety Regulations 2005; NI EU rules
Great Britain and Northern Ireland: product rules and marking
Great Britain means England, Scotland and Wales; Northern Ireland is a separate product-regulatory jurisdiction. For a consumer product, first identify sector legislation and residual general-safety duties. UKCA, CE and UKNI are different routes, not alternative designs for the same award badge.
Learn moreGB · Electrical Equipment (Safety) Regulations 2016, SI 2016/1101
Electrical equipment safety in Great Britain
Electrical equipment designed or adapted for 50–1,000 V AC or 75–1,500 V DC, subject to the Regulations’ exclusions. Radio safety has its own route. Household and workplace equipment are both covered; plugs, conversion plugs and sockets can have separate UK requirements.
Learn moreGB · Electromagnetic Compatibility Regulations 2016, SI 2016/1091
Electromagnetic compatibility in Great Britain
Apparatus and fixed installations within the EMC definitions. Distinguish non-radio equipment from radio equipment, and actual domestic or industrial environments. Installation-specific arrangements do not automatically exempt equipment sold generally.
Learn moreGB · Radio Equipment Regulations 2017, SI 2017/1206
Radio equipment in Great Britain
Equipment intentionally transmitting or receiving radio waves for communication or radiodetermination. Final-product configuration, antennas, operating bands and the intended jurisdiction determine the assessment; module-level evidence is supporting evidence only.
Learn moreGB · RoHS Regulations 2012, SI 2012/3032
Restricted substances in electrical equipment: GB and NI
Covered electrical/electronic equipment, cables and spare parts, with category exclusions and exemptions. Concentrations are assessed at homogeneous-material level. GB exemption decisions and NI’s EU-based exemptions require separate checks.
Learn moreGB · UK REACH; GB CLP; Northern Ireland EU REACH/CLP
UK REACH restrictions and GB chemical classification
Articles, substances and mixtures trigger different requirements. Identify GB or NI, actual chemical identity, material, contact scenario and professional/consumer use. Finished textiles, footwear and plastics often require restriction screening, while paints and adhesives can additionally require mixture classification and labels.
Learn moreGB · Supply of Machinery (Safety) Regulations 2008, SI 2008/1597
Machinery supply and safety in Great Britain
Covered machinery, safety components, interchangeable equipment and partly completed machinery. Identify the specific machine and whether it is a finished product, incorporation component or substantial modification; workplace-use obligations remain separate from supply requirements.
Learn moreGB · GB Batteries Regulations 2008; NI EU 2023/1542 and 2026 enforcement rules
Batteries and accumulators: current GB/NI split
Batteries of different shapes, chemistries and uses, including batteries incorporated in appliances. GB and NI now have expressly distinct placing-on-market regimes; complete product safety, transport and waste-producer duties remain additional questions.
Learn moreGB · PSTI Act 2022; Security Requirements Regulations 2023, SI 2023/1007
Consumer connectable products: baseline security duties
Relevant consumer products connectable to the internet or a network, with listed exemptions. Check special exclusions for certain NI products, vehicle categories, EV charge points, medical devices, smart meters and specified computers. Wireless and physical safety remain separate obligations.
Learn moreGB · GB type-approval scheme for M, N, O vehicles and components
GB vehicle type approval and Northern Ireland approvals
The GB scheme covers the 2018/858-based M, N and O framework and related systems/components. Different arrangements apply to other vehicle categories. A GB approval is not valid for NI, where EU or UK(NI) approvals must be used.
Learn moreGB · Pressure Equipment (Safety) Regulations 2016, SI 2016/1105
Pressure equipment safety in Great Britain
Covered pressure equipment and assemblies with PS above 0.5 bar, with category boundaries, exclusions and sound-engineering-practice cases. In-service pressure-system duties are separate from placing equipment on the market.
Learn moreAU · EESS; AS/NZS 4417.2; AS/NZS 3820
Household electrical equipment: safety classification and applicable standards
Mains-powered equipment designed or marketed for household, personal or similar use in participating EESS jurisdictions. Solely industrial equipment and extra-low-voltage products require a separate scope assessment.
Learn moreAU · Radiocommunications Equipment (General) Rules 2021; EMC Standard and Labelling Notice 2017
Radio, EMC and human exposure: ACMA requirements
Transmitters, receivers and electrical/electronic products within the relevant ACMA rules, including radio modules fitted in another product.
Learn moreAU · Greenhouse and Energy Minimum Standards Act 2012; product-specific determinations
Energy-regulated products: GEMS determinations
Only product classes covered by a GEMS determination: examples include refrigerators, air conditioners, displays, external power supplies, lamps, motors, transformers and pool pumps.
Learn moreAU · Consumer Goods (Products Containing Button/Coin Batteries) Safety Standard 2020
Products containing button and coin batteries
Covered consumer goods containing or intended to contain button/coin cells, subject to the instrument's professional-equipment and other exclusions.
Learn moreJP · Electrical Appliances and Materials Safety Act; technical standards and their interpretation
Electrical products: PSE scope and technical routes
Electrical products actually listed under the Act, including specified and non-specified categories. The household appliance, power supply, lamp, tool or battery definition must be confirmed individually.
Learn moreJP · Energy Conservation Act; Top Runner criteria for AC motors
AC motors: Top Runner efficiency assessment
AC motors within the official scope, subject to the specified exclusions and category definitions.
Learn moreJP · Top Runner transformer criteria; JIS C 4304 and JIS C 4306 measurement references
Distribution transformers: FY2026 Top Runner criteria
Transformers within the specified voltage/capacity and construction scope, separated by oil-filled/moulded type, phase, frequency and specification.
Learn moreKR · Electrical Appliances and Consumer Products Safety Control Act; KATS operating rules and KC safety standards
Electrical safety: certification, confirmation and supplier verification
Electrical products listed under the applicable safety-management schedules. The risk category, product definition and electrical ratings determine the route.
Learn moreKR · Radio Waves Act Article 58-2; RRA conformity assessment rules
Radio and EMC conformity: RRA routes
Broadcasting and communications equipment within the RRA schedules, including relevant radio and EMC equipment.
Learn moreKR · Energy Use Rationalization Act; efficiency management and standby-power operating notices
Energy efficiency and standby power: product-specific programmes
Products designated for energy-efficiency management, including covered household equipment, lighting, motors, pumps and windows. High-efficiency certification and standby-power programmes have their own scope.
Learn moreCN · GB 44240-2024
Energy-storage lithium cells and batteries
Secondary lithium cells and batteries used in electrical energy-storage systems within the standard's scope. The cell/battery boundary differs from the complete installation.
Learn moreCN · GB 31241-2022; applicable CCC battery/power-bank rules
Portable electronic lithium batteries: safety scope
Lithium-ion cells and batteries in the defined portable electronic scope. Traction batteries and complete storage systems cannot be classified solely by the fact that they contain lithium.
Learn moreCN · Product-specific CNCA CCC implementation rules, current August 2026 directory
Low-voltage components, motors and welding equipment: CCC categories
Only catalogue-defined low-voltage assemblies/components, small-power motors and listed welding equipment. A component and a complete machine are different certification objects.
Learn moreApplicability depends on the product classification, intended use, configuration and actual sales territory. Manufacturing, placing-on-the-market and testing dates, together with transition provisions, are checked as required by each applicable rule. The directory identifies sources; it does not replace assessment of the specific model. Standards are identified by reference, and their authoritative texts remain with the issuing bodies. Official source documents retain their original language.