US · 47 CFR Parts 2 and 15
Radio and digital equipment: FCC authorisation
Connected cameras, smart locks, wireless controls and digital equipment, according to radio functions, frequency bands and equipment class.
Learn moreElectronics & Digital
Identify the market and product category first. Each dossier separates legal duties, referenced standards, evidence and the comparison needed for an award.
Regulatory Basis
US · 10 CFR 430.32(w); Appendix Z; Part 429
External power supplies: efficiency and no-load power
External power supplies meeting DOE definitions; direct/indirect operation, voltage class and exceptions determine the applicable row.
Learn moreUS · 49 CFR 173.185; UN Manual 38.3
Lithium batteries: transport design testing
Lithium cells/batteries offered for transport, separately or in/with equipment; transport mode and exceptions determine details.
Learn moreCA · RSS-Gen Issue 6; RSS-247 Issue 4
Wireless equipment: RSS and ISED certification
Radio equipment under the applicable RSS; Wi-Fi/Bluetooth and other covered bands require technology-specific classification.
Learn moreCA · SOR/2016-311, sections 586–589
External power supplies: Canadian energy performance
Defined direct/indirect-operation, single/multiple-voltage external power supplies; specific medical, charging and lighting exclusions apply.
Learn moreCA · Ontario electrical product approval route
Ontario electrical products: recognised approval
Electrical equipment intended for use/sale in Ontario; this provincial example must not be treated as the rule for every Canadian province.
Learn moreCA · TDG Regulations; UN Manual 38.3
Lithium batteries: Canadian transport requirements
Lithium batteries/cells shipped or imported in Canada, classified by chemistry, configuration, rating and transport mode.
Learn moreEU · Regulation (EU) 2023/988
General consumer-product safety and traceability
Consumer products, including products reasonably likely to be used by consumers. The general safety requirement covers risks not already addressed by specific Union harmonisation legislation; industrial-only equipment and excluded sectors require separate classification.
Learn moreEU · Directive 2014/35/EU
Electrical safety within the Low Voltage Directive
Electrical equipment designed for 50–1,000 V AC or 75–1,500 V DC, subject to Annex II exclusions. Radio equipment follows RED safety provisions without these voltage limits. A low-voltage DC product is not automatically exempt from general product safety.
Learn moreEU · Directive 2014/30/EU
Electromagnetic compatibility of non-radio equipment
Apparatus and fixed installations liable to cause electromagnetic disturbance or whose performance can be affected by it. Radio equipment normally addresses EMC through RED. Component status, inherently benign equipment and installation-only supply must be assessed.
Learn moreEU · Directive 2014/53/EU
Radio equipment: safety, spectrum and EMC
Products intentionally emitting or receiving radio waves for communication or radiodetermination, including connected locks, cameras, routers, toys and wearables. A pre-certified radio module does not alone establish conformity of the finished product and antennas.
Learn moreEU · Delegated Regulation (EU) 2022/30; Regulation (EU) 2026/339
Cybersecurity duties for specified radio equipment
Article 3(3)(d) covers defined internet-connected radio equipment; privacy requirements additionally concern specified equipment, including childcare and wearable products, where relevant data are processed. Fraud protection applies to defined money-transfer functionality. Product-specific exceptions must be checked.
Learn moreEU · Directive 2011/65/EU and amendments
Restricted substances in electrical and electronic equipment
EEE within the Directive’s defined voltage and category scope, with explicit exclusions, spare-part conditions and time-limited exemptions. The assessment unit for concentration limits is the homogeneous material, not the average of a whole assembled product.
Learn moreEU · Regulation (EC) 1907/2006, Annex XVII
Chemical restrictions in materials and finished articles
Chemical substances, mixtures and finished articles trigger different duties. For textiles, footwear, toys, furniture, plastics, coatings and industrial materials, identify each actual substance, material, contact condition and use before assigning a restriction.
Learn moreEU · Regulations (EU) 2019/2021 and 2019/2013
Electronic displays: energy use and resource efficiency
Televisions, monitors and digital-signage displays within the definitions and exemptions. Scope depends on the display function and configuration; a separately testable incorporated screen can be covered. Computer requirements do not automatically replace monitor requirements.
Learn moreEU · Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 and amendments
Batteries: category-specific safety, performance and lifecycle duties
All battery categories, including incorporated batteries, with different duties for portable, SLI, light-means-of-transport, electric-vehicle and industrial batteries. A stationary battery energy-storage system triggers specific safety and technical evidence; the complete storage system can also trigger other product laws.
Learn moreGB · GB product-specific legislation; General Product Safety Regulations 2005; NI EU rules
Great Britain and Northern Ireland: product rules and marking
Great Britain means England, Scotland and Wales; Northern Ireland is a separate product-regulatory jurisdiction. For a consumer product, first identify sector legislation and residual general-safety duties. UKCA, CE and UKNI are different routes, not alternative designs for the same award badge.
Learn moreGB · Electrical Equipment (Safety) Regulations 2016, SI 2016/1101
Electrical equipment safety in Great Britain
Electrical equipment designed or adapted for 50–1,000 V AC or 75–1,500 V DC, subject to the Regulations’ exclusions. Radio safety has its own route. Household and workplace equipment are both covered; plugs, conversion plugs and sockets can have separate UK requirements.
Learn moreGB · Electromagnetic Compatibility Regulations 2016, SI 2016/1091
Electromagnetic compatibility in Great Britain
Apparatus and fixed installations within the EMC definitions. Distinguish non-radio equipment from radio equipment, and actual domestic or industrial environments. Installation-specific arrangements do not automatically exempt equipment sold generally.
Learn moreGB · Radio Equipment Regulations 2017, SI 2017/1206
Radio equipment in Great Britain
Equipment intentionally transmitting or receiving radio waves for communication or radiodetermination. Final-product configuration, antennas, operating bands and the intended jurisdiction determine the assessment; module-level evidence is supporting evidence only.
Learn moreGB · RoHS Regulations 2012, SI 2012/3032
Restricted substances in electrical equipment: GB and NI
Covered electrical/electronic equipment, cables and spare parts, with category exclusions and exemptions. Concentrations are assessed at homogeneous-material level. GB exemption decisions and NI’s EU-based exemptions require separate checks.
Learn moreGB · UK REACH; GB CLP; Northern Ireland EU REACH/CLP
UK REACH restrictions and GB chemical classification
Articles, substances and mixtures trigger different requirements. Identify GB or NI, actual chemical identity, material, contact scenario and professional/consumer use. Finished textiles, footwear and plastics often require restriction screening, while paints and adhesives can additionally require mixture classification and labels.
Learn moreGB · Ecodesign Regulations 2010; Energy Information Regulations 2011 and product measures
Ecodesign and energy labels: GB and NI product measures
Only the covered energy-related groups, such as refrigeration, washing, displays, light sources, motors and heating equipment. GB and NI may have different product measures, dates and label arrangements; identify the actual subtype and market before using a formula.
Learn moreGB · GB Batteries Regulations 2008; NI EU 2023/1542 and 2026 enforcement rules
Batteries and accumulators: current GB/NI split
Batteries of different shapes, chemistries and uses, including batteries incorporated in appliances. GB and NI now have expressly distinct placing-on-market regimes; complete product safety, transport and waste-producer duties remain additional questions.
Learn moreGB · PSTI Act 2022; Security Requirements Regulations 2023, SI 2023/1007
Consumer connectable products: baseline security duties
Relevant consumer products connectable to the internet or a network, with listed exemptions. Check special exclusions for certain NI products, vehicle categories, EV charge points, medical devices, smart meters and specified computers. Wireless and physical safety remain separate obligations.
Learn moreAU · EESS accepted AV/ICT safety route; AS/NZS 62368.1 where applicable
AV/ICT equipment and power supplies
AV/ICT equipment and its power supplies where the EESS product definition and electrical ratings bring the equipment into scope.
Learn moreAU · Radiocommunications Equipment (General) Rules 2021; EMC Standard and Labelling Notice 2017
Radio, EMC and human exposure: ACMA requirements
Transmitters, receivers and electrical/electronic products within the relevant ACMA rules, including radio modules fitted in another product.
Learn moreAU · Greenhouse and Energy Minimum Standards Act 2012; product-specific determinations
Energy-regulated products: GEMS determinations
Only product classes covered by a GEMS determination: examples include refrigerators, air conditioners, displays, external power supplies, lamps, motors, transformers and pool pumps.
Learn moreAU · Consumer Goods (Products Containing Button/Coin Batteries) Safety Standard 2020
Products containing button and coin batteries
Covered consumer goods containing or intended to contain button/coin cells, subject to the instrument's professional-equipment and other exclusions.
Learn moreJP · Electrical Appliances and Materials Safety Act; technical standards and their interpretation
Electrical products: PSE scope and technical routes
Electrical products actually listed under the Act, including specified and non-specified categories. The household appliance, power supply, lamp, tool or battery definition must be confirmed individually.
Learn moreJP · Radio Act; Ordinance on Technical Regulations Conformity Certification of Specified Radio Equipment
Radio equipment: technical conformity and design certification
Specified radio equipment, including wireless modules used in connected consumer products, subject to the relevant equipment category and permitted operating conditions.
Learn moreKR · Electrical Appliances and Consumer Products Safety Control Act; KATS operating rules and KC safety standards
Electrical safety: certification, confirmation and supplier verification
Electrical products listed under the applicable safety-management schedules. The risk category, product definition and electrical ratings determine the route.
Learn moreKR · Radio Waves Act Article 58-2; RRA conformity assessment rules
Radio and EMC conformity: RRA routes
Broadcasting and communications equipment within the RRA schedules, including relevant radio and EMC equipment.
Learn moreKR · Energy Use Rationalization Act; efficiency management and standby-power operating notices
Energy efficiency and standby power: product-specific programmes
Products designated for energy-efficiency management, including covered household equipment, lighting, motors, pumps and windows. High-efficiency certification and standby-power programmes have their own scope.
Learn moreCN · GB 4943.1-2022; applicable electronic-product CCC rule
AV/ICT equipment: safety and CCC evidence
Audio/video, information and communications technology equipment within the standard's scope, including applicable power supplies and electronic security equipment by function.
Learn moreCN · GB 31241-2022; applicable CCC battery/power-bank rules
Portable electronic lithium batteries: safety scope
Lithium-ion cells and batteries in the defined portable electronic scope. Traction batteries and complete storage systems cannot be classified solely by the fact that they contain lithium.
Learn moreApplicability depends on the product classification, intended use, configuration and actual sales territory. Manufacturing, placing-on-the-market and testing dates, together with transition provisions, are checked as required by each applicable rule. The directory identifies sources; it does not replace assessment of the specific model. Standards are identified by reference, and their authoritative texts remain with the issuing bodies. Official source documents retain their original language.